X-ray imaging techniques significantly advanced our understanding of materials and biology, among which phase contrast Xray\nmicroscopy has obvious advantages in imaging biological specimens which have low contrast by conventional absorption\ncontrast microscopy. In this paper, three-dimensional microstructure of arthropod with high contrast has been demonstrated by\nsynchrotron X-ray in-line phase contrast tomography. The external morphology and internal structures of an earthworm were\nanalyzed based upon tomographic reconstructions with and without phase retrieval.We also identified and characterized various\nfine structural details such as the musculature system, the digestive system, the nervous system, and the circulatory system. This\nwork exhibited the high efficiency, high precision, and wide potential applications of synchrotron X-ray phase contrast tomography\nin nondestructive investigation of low-density materials and biology
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